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Compare Marshall Islands (2001) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2001)
Compare Marshall Islands (2001) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2001)
| Marshall Islands (2001) | Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2001) | |
 |  Islands-2001-bmala.jpg) | |
| Administrative divisions | 33 municipalities; Ailinginae, Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikar, Bikini, Bokak, Ebon, Enewetak, Erikub, Jabat, Jaluit, Jemo, Kili, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Rongrik, Toke, Ujae, Ujelang, Utirik, Wotho, Wotje | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
49.29% (male 17,808; female 17,101) 15-64 years: 48.61% (male 17,573; female 16,853) 65 years and over: 2.1% (male 707; female 780) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, tomatoes, melons, cacao, taro, breadfruit, fruits; pigs, chickens | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts |
| Airports | 16 (2000 est.) | 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
12 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
181.3 sq km land: 181.3 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, and Kwajalein |
total:
14 sq km land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
| Area - comparative | about the size of Washington, DC | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | After almost four decades under US administration as the easternmost part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Marshall Islands attained independence in 1986 under a Compact of Free Association. Compensation claims continue as a result of US nuclear testing on some of the islands between 1947 and 1962. | The islands were discovered in 1609, but remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands is split between the mostly Europeans on West Island and the Malays on Home Island. |
| Birth rate | 45.07 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues:
$80.1 million expenditures: $77.4 million, including capital expenditures of $19.5 million (FY95/96 est.) |
revenues:
$NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | Majuro | West Island |
| Climate | wet season from May to November; hot and humid; islands border typhoon belt | pleasant, modified by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year; moderate rainfall |
| Coastline | 370.4 km | 2.6 km |
| Constitution | 1 May 1979 | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of the Marshall Islands conventional short form: Marshall Islands former: Marshall Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) |
conventional long form:
Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 6.23 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $125 million (FY96/97 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Joan M. PLAISTED embassy: Oceanside, Mejen Weto, Long Island, Majuro mailing address: P. O. Box 1379, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands 96960-1379 telephone: [692] 247-4011 FAX: [692] 247-4012 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Banny DE BRUM chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236 consulate(s) general: Honolulu |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | claims US territory of Wake Island | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | approximately $65 million annually from the US | $NA |
| Economy - overview | US Government assistance is the mainstay of this tiny island economy. Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms, and the most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit. Small-scale industry is limited to handicrafts, fish processing, and copra. The tourist industry, now a small source of foreign exchange employing less than 10% of the labor force, remains the best hope for future added income. The islands have few natural resources, and imports far exceed exports. Under the terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US provides roughly $65 million in annual aid. Negotiations were underway in 1999 for an extended agreement. Government downsizing, drought, a drop in construction, and the decline in tourism and foreign investment due to the Asian financial difficulties caused GDP to fall in 1996-98. | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Copra and fresh coconuts are the major export earners. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Likiep 10 m |
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | inadequate supplies of potable water | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Micronesian | Europeans, Cocos Malays |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 3 January 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 3 January 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet selected by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament from among its own members for a four-year term; election last held 15 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2003) election results: Kessai Hesa NOTE elected president; percent of Parliament vote - 100% |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator (non-resident) William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $28 million (f.o.b., 1997 est.) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | fish, coconut oil, trochus shells | copra |
| Exports - partners | US, Japan, Australia | Australia |
| Fiscal year | 1 October - 30 September | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | blue with two stripes radiating from the lower hoist-side corner - orange (top) and white; there is a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays on the hoist side above the two stripes | the flag of Australia is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $105 million (1998 est.), supplemented by approximately $65 million annual US aid | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
15% industry: 13% services: 72% (1995) |
agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,670 (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | -5% (1998 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 9 00 N, 168 00 E | 12 30 S, 96 50 E |
| Geography - note | two archipelagic island chains of 30 atolls and 1,152 islands; Bikini and Enewetak are former US nuclear test sites; Kwajalein, the famous World War II battleground, is now used as a US missile test range | two coral atolls thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
| Highways | total:
NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note: paved roads on major islands (Majuro, Kwajalein), otherwise stone-, coral-, or laterite-surfaced roads and tracks |
total:
15 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $58 million (f.o.b., 1997 est.) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels, beverages and tobacco | foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | US, Japan, Australia, NZ, Guam, Singapore | Australia |
| Independence | 21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | copra, fish, tourism, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls, offshore banking (embryonic) | copra products and tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | 39.82 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 live births |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 5% (1997) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; High Court | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | NA | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% | the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 60% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 40% |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | English (universally spoken and is the official language), two major Marshallese dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family, Japanese | English, Malay |
| Legal system | based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Parliament or Nitijela (33 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 15 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA note: the Council of Chiefs is a 12-member body that advises on matters affecting customary law and practice |
unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (NA seats) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
65.84 years male: 64.04 years female: 67.73 years (2001 est.) |
total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 93% male: 100% female: 88% (1980 est.) |
- |
| Location | Oceania, group of atolls and reefs in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Papua New Guinea | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia, about one-half of the way from Australia to Sri Lanka |
| Map references | Oceania | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
| Merchant marine | total:
212 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,768,406 GRT/16,242,699 DWT ships by type: bulk 63, cargo 9, chemical tanker 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 29, liquefied gas 10, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 87, vehicle carrier 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Cyprus 1, Germany 1, Japan 1, US 6 (2000 est.) |
none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the US | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| Military branches | no regular military forces (a coast guard may be established); Police Force | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | - |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 1 May (1979) | NA |
| Nationality | noun:
Marshallese (singular and plural) adjective: Marshallese |
noun:
Cocos Islander(s) adjective: Cocos Islander |
| Natural hazards | occasional typhoons | cyclones may occur in the early months of the year |
| Natural resources | phosphate deposits, marine products, deep seabed minerals | fish |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings" have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Kabua Party [Imata KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa TOMEING] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 70,822 (July 2001 est.) | 633 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 3.88% (2001 est.) | -0.21% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Majuro | none; lagoon anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | NA | 300 (1992) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Christian (mostly Protestant) | Sunni Muslim 57%, Christian 22%, other 21% (1981 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
- |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | NA |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
telex services domestic: Majuro Atoll and Ebeye and Kwajalein islands have regular, seven-digit, direct-dial telephones; other islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein |
general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 3,000 (1996) | NA (1999) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 365 (1996) | 0 (1999) |
| Television broadcast stations | 3 (of which two are US military stations) (1997) | 0 (1997) |
| Terrain | low coral limestone and sand islands | flat, low-lying coral atolls |
| Total fertility rate | 6.55 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | 16% (1991 est.) | - |
| Waterways | none | none |
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